Setor industrial e emissões de PM2,5 nas principais economias mundiais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18487454Palavras-chave:
combustíveis fósseis, poluição atmosférica, efeitos aleatórios, energia renovável, painelResumo
A poluição do ar é um dos problemas que mais afeta a população das zonas urbanas e dos países mais industrializados. As fontes de emissões de PM2,5 provêm principalmente da indústria. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o efeito que o tamanho do setor industrial tem nas emissões de PM2,5 nas principais economias mundiais, através de uma regressão com dados de painel, utilizando o método dos mínimos quadrados generalizados com erros padrão robustos. O painel incluiu 11 países: Alemanha, Brasil, Canadá, China, Estados Unidos, Rússia, França, Índia, Japão, Inglaterra e México; e um período de 14 anos: 1998 a 2011. Os resultados sugerem que um aumento de 1% na taxa de crescimento do setor industrial está associado a uma variação de 0,887% no nível de poluição do ar medido por PM2,5. A descarbonização, a redução da dependência de combustíveis fósseis e a transição para o consumo de energias limpas podem reduzir as emissões na indústria e os efeitos negativos na saúde da população, no ambiente e na economia.
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